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In the last two decades, the Balkans appear to have become a new arena for religious competition between Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Iran. The strategies used by these very different actors show their efforts in exporting faith in the name of power and in projecting their identity and domestic structures.
This week's high-level diplomatic meetings involving Russia, the United States, and NATO mark a departure from recent years of minimal contact. Putin has forced this crisis diplomacy upon the West, and for him, this already constitutes success: it shows the world that Russia is a globally significant power to be reckoned with.
Since October 2020, the European Union has gradually extended its sanctions against Belarus. Aimed to change the calculations and dynamics within the ruling elite, sanctions are now perceived as less important by the Belarusian people given the authoritarian regime's consolidation of power.
With increased summitry and frequent communication between Moscow and Washington, present-day Russia-U.S. relations harks back to the Cold War. To defuse tensions, the Americans must draw the Russians to the table and negotiate from a position of strength.
While a successful Iran nuclear deal is far from guaranteed, alternatives to diplomacy are bleak. The United States’ apparent unwillingness to signal its intention to honor the agreement, Iran’s nuclear progress, and rising tensions between Washington and Beijing stand in the way of a renewed compromise.
European governments need full-spectrum geopolitical engagement and commitment to the eastern region, not merely the kind of Eastern Partnership incrementalism seen at the summit.
The EU’s pursuit of a single European defense market necessitates stronger democratic oversight. Members of the European Parliament and national legislative bodies should play a more proactive role as watchdog and engage in strategic foresight and planning.
The EU has a major role to play in accelerating climate action both at home and abroad. If it fails, the bloc will succumb to supply chain breakdowns and migratory pressures. To avoid this, the EU must advance climate justice and restore trust between developed and developing countries.
Tunisia’s democratic crisis is also a reflection of the EU’s weak and fragmented commitment to the country. The EU should encourage a return to democracy by alleviating Tunisia’s economic struggles, spurring political reforms, and pressuring regional partners to stop meddling in Tunisian affairs.
European debates on climate change have focused so much on technocratic fixes that they’ve neglected to see how contentious political debates on cost sharing will be.