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Democracy support organizations are struggling to maintain operations in states with hostile environments. They need to reassess their approach in such countries and seek to address the political drivers of repression.
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the democratic backsliding that has been unfolding worldwide for a decade. Democratic reform must be advanced at the international level and enhanced in a regional framework.
The EU provides a framework to protect human rights defenders who operate in countries where rights and freedoms are comprised. For continued relevance, the guidelines must be more fully implemented and updated to reflect new challenges to human rights defenders.
As the EU begins a new cycle of its aid programs, it must place democracy at the center of its development policy.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine will sharpen the divide between democracies and autocracies, but also lead to more realpolitik strategic balancing. A key question is what kind of coordination emerges between democracies.
Innovative forms of deliberative and participatory democracy from outside the West can inspire reform in European states.