Every week leading experts answer a new question from Judy Dempsey on the international challenges shaping Europe's role in the world.

Fabrizio Goriafinancial reporter at Linkiesta

Three years ago, Greece began its desperate journey through the worst economic crisis of its history. The lies, the mystified public accounts, austerity, economic depression, the debt restructuring of last March, the risk of an exit from the eurozone: Greece is at the center of any discussion about the fate of the euro. But the main problem is primarily domestic. After two bailouts, what has changed? Nothing. Greek politicians continue to spend an ocean of money. The byzantine structure of the Greek public sector is still present, and alive. The structural reforms and privatizations requested by the IMF, European Central Bank, and the EU Commission—the so-called Troika—were not implemented in the Greek economy as expected. The country needs a change of mindset, not new money, a new debt restructuring, or more time to reach a balanced budget, like the Eurogroup said during their last meeting. Only with a new ruling class, with new pro-European politicians, without corruption, tax evasion, and political malfeasance, will there be the beginning of the end for the Greek tragedy.

Megan Greenedirector of Economic Research on Western Europe and the Eurozone, Roubini Global Economics

As underscored in the latest troika draft report on Greece, Greece has made a bigger fiscal adjustment than any other developed nation in the past 30 years. However, there has been far too much emphasis on fiscal austerity in Greece, and far too little focus on implementing the structural reforms that have already been legislated.

The troika has laid out a series of fiscal targets for the Greek government to hit. The government has pursued these targets the most expedient way possible—by repeatedly cutting wages and pensions. This is not sustainable, particularly for a country in its fifth year of recession. A more difficult, but more sustainable, route towards hitting these targets would be for the Greek government to open up labor and product markets to plug the budget gap with tax revenues born out of productivity gains and growth. Measures to open up labor and product markets are notoriously painful and unpopular in the short term, however.

The Greek government will need to implement structural reforms if it is to ever find sustainable growth going forward. This is the case whether Greece stays in the eurozone or not.